Germany's population to shrink without immigration, but not everywhere

By 2045, Germany will have more elderly people, fewer workers, and an overall smaller population. But some regions will still grow despite the trend, according to a new analysis. Without substantial immigration, Germany's working-age population will decline significantly in the coming decades. This will put pressure on the pension system, healthcare, and economic productivity. However, the picture varies considerably by region. Some cities and metropolitan areas will continue to attract workers and young families, while rural regions are expected to face particularly steep declines. The analysis highlights the need for Germany to maintain an open immigration policy to compensate for the demographic shortfall, as well as regional policies to ensure economic vitality beyond major urban centers.